The Word · Complete BSB verse index

Worship: what does the passage actually say?

English “worship” hides distinct biblical words for bowing, serving, and revering. These actions are not interchangeable. Start with Matthew 2:11: the BSB says the visitors “worshiped” Jesus, while YLT says they “bowed to him.” Follow each passage to see what its own word says and what the English label can obscure.

Coverage: all 222 verses in the pinned Berean Standard Bible that use “worship,” “worshiped,” “worshiping,” “worshiper,” “worshipers,” or “worships.” The explanations are initial notes for passage-by-passage review.

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New Testament

Matthew 2:11

BSB · full verse On coming to the house, they saw the Child with His mother Mary, and they fell down and worshiped Him. Then they opened their treasures and presented Him with gifts of gold and frankincense and myrrh.

Original word in this verse

  • προσεκύνησαν proskuneō (pros-koo-NEH-oh) — to bow down or prostrate oneself BSB: “worshiped Him”

Context

The visitors ask where the child born King of the Jews is and say they have come to bow before Him (Matthew 2:2). Herod claims he wants to do the same (2:8), but later tries to kill the child. At the house the visitors fall before Jesus, bow to Him, and give Him gifts. A dream warns them not to return to Herod.

What gets lost in “worship”

Proskuneō means to bow down or prostrate oneself. Matthew says the visitors fell down and then bowed before the child they had sought as King of the Jews; YLT renders this “having fallen down they bowed to him.” Their bow honors the king they came to find. Reading the BSB’s “worshiped” as religious adoration can make us assume they knew Jesus was God or Savior. Matthew does not tell us that. The issue is what the visitors understood, not Jesus’ true identity.

Word guide

Source words and English choices

The index includes Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek words. Some BSB uses of “worship” explain a larger phrase rather than translate a single source word; those examples are labeled in the reader.

Hebrew

  • Serving עָבַד ʿabad (ah-VAHD)

    To work or serve. Exodus 3:12 uses this verb where the BSB says Israel will “worship” God after leaving Egypt.

  • Bowing שָׁחָה shachah (shah-KHAH)

    To bow down or prostrate oneself. Psalm 95:6 uses it in a call to bow before the LORD.

  • English supplied from phrase אַחַר achar (AH-khar)

    After or behind.

  • Named false god בַּעַל baal (bah-AHL)

    Baal, a divine title or name.

  • Place name דָּן Dan (DAHN)

    Dan, a place name.

  • Material named זָהָב zahab (zah-HAHV)

    Gold.

  • Reverence and fear יָרֵא yare (yah-RAY)

    To fear or revere.

  • Reverence and fear יָרֵא yare (yah-RAY)

    Fearing or revering.

  • Reverence and fear יִרְאָה yirah (yee-RAH)

    Fear or reverence.

  • Service עֲבֹדָה avodah (ah-vo-DAH)

    Service or work.

  • Action in a phrase עָשָׂה asah (ah-SAH)

    To do or make.

  • People who pray עָתָר athar (ah-THAR)

    A suppliant or petitioner.

  • Named object צָבָא tsaba (tsaw-BAH)

    Host or heavenly army.

  • Joining oneself צָמַד tsamad (tsaw-MAD)

    To bind or attach oneself.

  • Joyful cry in a textual variant רָנַן ranan (rah-NAN)

    To shout or rejoice.

  • People described רָשָׁע rasha (rah-SHAH)

    Wicked person.

Aramaic

  • Bowing down סְגִד segid (seh-GEED)

    To bow down or prostrate oneself.

Greek

  • Bowing down προσκυνέω proskuneō (pros-koo-NEH-oh)

    To bow down or prostrate oneself before someone. The scene tells us whom the person bows before and why.

  • Religious service λατρεύω latreuō (lah-TREW-oh)

    To serve or render religious service. Philippians 3:3 calls believers those who do this by God’s Spirit.

  • Religious service λατρεία latreia (lah-TRAY-ah)

    A noun related to latreuō: service rendered to God. Romans 12:1 connects it to offering one’s body as a living sacrifice.

  • Reverence σέβομαι sebomai (SEH-boh-my)

    To revere or show devotion. Matthew 15:9 uses it where Jesus quotes Isaiah about reverence emptied by human teaching.

  • Reverence directed wrongly σεβάζομαι sebazomai (seb-AD-zom-ahee)

    To revere or honor. Romans 1:25 uses it for people who give created things the honor due the Creator.

  • Objects of devotion σέβασμα sebasma (SEH-bahs-mah)

    A revered object or object of devotion. Acts 17:23 uses its plural for the things Paul saw in Athens.

  • Practiced devotion εὐσεβέω eusebeō (yoo-seh-BEH-oh)

    To show religious devotion or reverence. Acts 17:23 uses it for the Athenians’ practice toward what they did not know.

  • Self-chosen religion ἐθελοθρησκεία ethelothrēskeia (eh-the-lo-thray-SKEE-ah)

    Self-chosen religious practice.

  • Reverence for God θεοσέβεια theosebeia (theh-os-eb-EE-ah)

    Reverence or godliness toward God.

  • Reverence for God θεοσεβής theosebēs (theh-os-eb-ACE)

    One who reveres God.

  • Religious practice θρησκεία thrēskeia (thrace-KEE-ah)

    Religious observance.

  • Ministering λειτουργέω leitourgeō (lay-toorg-EH-oh)

    To minister or perform sacred service.

  • Ministering λειτουργία leitourgia (lay-toorg-EE-ah)

    Ministry or service.

  • Approaching προσέρχομαι proserchomai (pros-er-KHOM-ahee)

    To draw near or approach.

  • One who bows προσκυνητής proskunētēs (pros-koo-nay-TACE)

    A person who bows in reverence.

Where to read more

Study 14, What Does Worship Actually Mean? introduces the larger question. These verse notes remain open to refinement as their context is reviewed.

How the complete verse list was checked

The 2026-10-25 BSB publisher download was searched for every whole-word English form of “worship.” Its translation table accounts for all 233 uses in 222 verses. Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek senses were checked with the linked interlinear passages and STEP Bible data (pinned commit be4191f). KJV, YLT, and NASB 1995 excerpts appear where reviewed. The verse list is complete for this pinned BSB edition; the explanations are available for further review.

BSB text: public domain. KJV excerpts: King James Version. YLT excerpts: Young’s Literal Translation, public domain. Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. www.Lockman.org.